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<title>Tetra-Fish-Inspired aesthetic thermochromic windows toward Energy-Saving buildings</title>
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<h1>Tetra-Fish-Inspired aesthetic thermochromic windows toward Energy-Saving buildings (doi:10.21979/N9/JKGQXE)</h1>
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0">
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<td valign="top">
<p>
<b>View:</b>
</p>
</td><td>
<p>
<a href="#1.0">Part 1: Document Description</a>
<br>
<a href="#2.0">Part 2: Study Description</a>
<br>
<a href="#5.0">Part 5: Other
Study-Related Materials</a>
<br>
<a href="">Entire Codebook</a>
</p>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5">
<tr class="h1">
<th align="left" colspan="2">
<p>
<a name="1.0" id="1.0">Document Description</a>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="h2">
<th colspan="2">
<p>Citation</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Title:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Tetra-Fish-Inspired aesthetic thermochromic windows toward Energy-Saving buildings</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Identification Number:</p>
</td><td>
<p>doi:10.21979/N9/JKGQXE</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Distributor:</p>
</td><td>
<p>DR-NTU (Data)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Date of Distribution:</p>
</td><td>
<p>2022-12-01</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Version:</p>
</td><td>
<p>1</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Bibliographic Citation:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Ke, Yujie; Tan, Yutong; Feng, Chengchen; Chen, Cong; Lu, Qi; Long, Yi, 2022, "Tetra-Fish-Inspired aesthetic thermochromic windows toward Energy-Saving buildings", https://doi.org/10.21979/N9/JKGQXE, DR-NTU (Data), V1</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="h1">
<th colspan="2">
<p>
<a name="2.0">Study Description</a>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="h2">
<th colspan="2">
<p>Citation</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Title:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Tetra-Fish-Inspired aesthetic thermochromic windows toward Energy-Saving buildings</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Identification Number:</p>
</td><td>
<p>doi:10.21979/N9/JKGQXE</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Authoring Entity:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Ke, Yujie (Nanyang Technological University)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3"></td><td>
<p>Tan, Yutong (Hunan University)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3"></td><td>
<p>Feng, Chengchen (Wuhan University)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3"></td><td>
<p>Chen, Cong (China University of Mining and Technology)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3"></td><td>
<p>Lu, Qi (Nanyang Technological University)</p>
</td>
</tr>
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<td class="h3"></td><td>
<p>Long, Yi (Nanyang Technological University)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Software used in Production:</p>
</td><td>
<p>n.a.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Grant Number:</p>
</td><td>
<p>RG103/19</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Grant Number:</p>
</td><td>
<p>RG86/20</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Distributor:</p>
</td><td>
<p>DR-NTU (Data)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Access Authority:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Wang, Shancheng</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Holdings Information:</p>
</td><td>
<p>https://doi.org/10.21979/N9/JKGQXE</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="h2">
<th colspan="2">
<p>Study Scope</p>
</th>
</tr>
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<td class="h3">
<p>Keywords:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Engineering, Engineering, Experiment data</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Abstract:</p>
</td><td>
<p>The development of architectural windows with adaptive solar modulation is promising to reduce the energy consumption of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC). In the work, we report a Tetra-fish-inspired aesthetic thermochromic window based on phase-changed materials to meet both energy-saving and aesthetic demands. We demonstrate the glasses coated with photonic co-doped vanadium dioxides, which exhibit the angle-dependent vivid colors mimicking the skin of tetra fishes with high transmittance, a practical transition temperature, and an acceptable solar modulation property. The glasses give superior energy-saving performances in representative cities in the Asia Pacific, resulting in annual energy savings of up to ~ 35.9 kWh/m2 for a typical office building. The work may inspire the future development of novel materials in building envelopes.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Kind of Data:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Experimental data</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="h2">
<th colspan="2">
<p>Methodology and Processing</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">
<p>Sources Statement</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="h2">
<th colspan="2">
<p>Data Access</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="h2">
<th colspan="2">
<p>Other Study Description Materials</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">
<p>Related Publications</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="h2">
<th colspan="2">
<p>Citation</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Identification Number:</p>
</td><td>
<p>10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119053</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Bibliographic Citation:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Ke, Y., Tan, Y., Feng, C., Chen, C., Lu, Q., Xu, Q., . . . Long, Y. (2022). Tetra-Fish-Inspired aesthetic thermochromic windows toward Energy-Saving buildings. Applied Energy, 315, 119053.</p>
</td>
</tr>
(<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306261922004512">external link</a>)
<tr>
<th align="left" colspan="2">
<p>
<a name="f108628"></a><a name="5.0">Other Study-Related Materials</a>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">
<p>Label:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Figure 1.jpg</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">
<p>Text:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Fig. 1. a) Photography of the Cardinal tetra. b) Magnified photographs of the two tetras as being circled in figure (a). c) Schematic of the color-change mechanism of tetras. The chromatophore contained arrayed guanine platelets that can selectively reflect the light of a certain wavelength. d) Photography of a typical office building, a potential application example for the biomimetic VO2 glasses for energy-saving. e) Photograph of a produced biomimetic VO2 glass with a size of 1.5 by 1.5 cm2. f) Analogous mechanism of the VO2 glass with periodic nanostructures to produce different colors when changing the viewpoint. g) Schematic of the annual solar irradiation to, for example, a city located on the Tropic of cancer. h) Comparison of this work with the recently best-reported results of VO2-based thermochromic
windows regarding the performance evaluation parameters.[62,66–69] The ΔTsol data of VO2/TiN is not available. Photographs (a, b, and d) credits to Y. Ke.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Notes:</p>
</td><td>
<p>image/jpeg</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="left" colspan="2">
<p>
<a name="f108629"></a><a name="5.0">Other Study-Related Materials</a>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">
<p>Label:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Figure 2.jpg</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">
<p>Text:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Fig. 2. a) Photographs of the assembled monolayer colloidal crystals a i) on the water–air interfaces and a ii) on a quartz substrate, a iii) and the AFM result analysis. b) SEM image and the corresponding energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) results of the produced VO2 nanocrystals, including the elemental mapping of W, Mg, and V. c) XRD analysis of the W/Mg co-doped VO2 nanocrystal arrays and the standard PDF card (JCPDS# 82–661). d) Photographs of the produced samples using templates with 200-, 500-, 600-, and 800-nm PS. e) Temperature-dependent transmittance spectra recorded using a point detector. The corresponding analysis
of f) the PBGs, and g) the ΔTsol and Tlum. The 2nd order PBGs are indicated by arrows in (e). The insets of Figure (f) and (g) are the theoretical model for Bragg’s lar analysis and the diffraction patterns of the 800-nm samples, respectively. Analysis of the h) periodicity and i) incident angle effects to the ΔTsol and Tlum when measured using an integrated sphere. The red and black lines in (g-i) are obtained by the linear fitting method. j) Angle-dependent transmittance spectra of the 600-nm sample with an increasing trend indicated by the dashed arrow. </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Notes:</p>
</td><td>
<p>image/jpeg</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="left" colspan="2">
<p>
<a name="f108626"></a><a name="5.0">Other Study-Related Materials</a>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">
<p>Label:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Figure 3.jpg</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">
<p>Text:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Fig. 3. a) Photographs of the sample of 600-nm VO2 nanonets in tilt views with increasing viewing angles from ~ 30 to ~ 50◦. b) Color analysis for the samples in Fig. 2d and 3a in CIE 1931 chromaticity charts. c) Hysteresis loops and the durability tests of the 600-nm sample. d) The thermal durability test of the 600-nm sample
using at 2500 nm wavelength.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Notes:</p>
</td><td>
<p>image/jpeg</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="left" colspan="2">
<p>
<a name="f108627"></a><a name="5.0">Other Study-Related Materials</a>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">
<p>Label:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Figure 4.jpg</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top">
<p>Text:</p>
</td><td>
<p>Fig. 4. a) The typical office building and the selected cities with different latitudes in the Asia Pacific area for the building energy simulation. b-i) Monthly and annual HVAC energy consumption of the typical office building using windows based on the normal glass, 200-, 500-, 600-, and 800-nm samples. The comparisons of monthly energy consumptions between the 600-nm sample and a normal glass in b) Beijing, d) Hong Kong, f) Bangkok, and h) Kuala Lumpur. The comparisons of annual energy consumptions of these samples in c) Beijing, e) Hong Kong, g) Bangkok, and i) Kuala Lumpur.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="h3">
<p>Notes:</p>
</td><td>
<p>image/jpeg</p>
</td>
</tr>
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